中文摘要：

目的对居民抗菌药物认知及用药行为现状进行评估，并探讨其影响因素，为减少抗菌药物不合理使用采用的干预措施提供依据。方法以网上发布问卷及发送纸质问卷的形式随机抽样进行调查，采用描述统计、χ^2检验、方差分析、逻辑回归等方法进行统计学处理。结果回收有效问卷558份，居民抗菌药物使用率高达91．04％，认知维度平均得分为6．27分，用药行为平均得分为6．36分。居住地、年龄、文化程度、平均月收入和职业影响因素进入了抗菌药物认知维度的Logistic回归模型（P〈0．05），文化程度、平均月收入和职业影响因素进入了抗菌药物用药行为的Logistic回归模型（P〈0．05）。结论居住地、年龄、文化程度、平均月收入和职业是抗菌药物认知维度的主要影响因素，文化程度、平均月收入和职业是抗菌药物用药行为的主要影响因素。有必要通过多种途径开展抗菌药物知识的宣传工作，强化卫生监督机构管理职能，促进抗菌药物的合理使用。

英文摘要：

Objective To evaluate residents＇ recognition and medication behaviors of antibiotics, and analyze the impacting factors, so as to provide a reference for measures to reduce the irrational use of antibiotics. Methods A online and paper questionnaire survey was used for random investigation. The descriptive statistics, chi - square test, analysis of variance and Logistic regression analysis were adopted for statistical analysis. Results A total of 558 eligible questionnaires were retrieved. The utilization rate of antibiotic was as high as 91.04%. Of which the average score of recognition was 6. 27, and the average score of behavior was 6. 36. The Logistic analysis showed that place of residence, age, educational level, average monthly income and occupation were the main influencing factors for antibiotic recognition, and education level, monthly income and occupation were the main influencing factors of antibiotic use behaviors. Conclusion It is necessary to carry out promotion work of antibiotic knowledge in a variety of ways, and strengthen the management functions of health supervision agencies so as to promote the rational use of antibiotics.