中文摘要：

目的探索培养传代后鸡胚原始生殖细胞（EPGCs）的多向分化潜能,比较不同诱导程序、不同特异性化学诱导剂及其协同作用。方法分别获取发育至19期和28期的鸡胚PGCs,体外培养传代到第4代。采用不同诱导程序、不同组合的诱导剂地塞米松、胰岛素、3-异丁基-1-甲基黄嘌呤（IBMX）诱导EPGCs向脂肪细胞分化。采用不同诱导程序、不同组合的诱导剂维甲酸（RA）、丁化羟基苯甲醚（BHA）I、BMX、二甲基亚砜（DMSO）诱导EPGCs向神经元样细胞分化。结果1.EPGCs被诱导7～21d后,分化成脂肪细胞,其中诱导程序（2）（见正文中叙述）的诱导分化效果较好,第192、8期分化率分别为89%和91%。诱导剂联合协同作用的诱导效果极显著地（P〈0.01）高于单独作用的诱导效果。诱导的脂肪细胞经特异性的油红O和苏丹红染色为阳性,并检测到特异性过氧化物酶体增生物激活受体γ（PPAR-γ）的表达。2.EPGCs被诱导3～7d后,分化成神经元样细胞,RAI、BMX单独使用对神经元样细胞的形成率分别为82%和83%,极显著地（P〈0.01）高于RA、BHA、DMSO和IBMX的协同作用的效果。诱导的神经元样细胞特异性免疫组织化学检测显示,均有神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和神经丝蛋白M（NFM）的表达,而无胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）的表达。结论鸡EPGCs体外培养传代后仍具有多向分化潜能,在特异化学物质的诱导下,可被定向诱导分化为脂肪细胞、神经元样细胞。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore the capability of chicken embryonic primordial germ cells （EPGCs） to differentiate into adipocytes and neuron-like cells, and to compare the inductive effect of a variety of specific chemical inductive media and their coordination with variant inductive programmer. Methods The chicken EPGCs at stage 19 and 28 were cultured and subcuhured to the 4th passage, and then were differentiated into adipocytes and neuron-like cells respectively. EPGCs differentiated cells were then identified by oil red-O. EPGCs were similarly induced into neuron-like cells in the medium containing RA, BHA, IBMX and DMSO; the differentiated cells were identified by toluidine blue stain and specific immunohistochemistry. Results About 74%- 91% oil red-O positive EPGCs were induced into adipocytes after 14-21 days. Programmer 2 showed the best result（ P 〈 0.01）. The differentiation rates of EPGCs from stage 19 and 28 were 89% and 91% respectively. The cooperative inductive effect was significantly higher than the single inductive effect of desamethason, insulin and IBMX. However, in the same induction media, the oil red-O stained cells showed no significant difference between stage 19 and stage 28（ P 〉 0.05）. The specific PPAR-γ gene cDNA had been proliferatied from induced adipocytes. And 75%-85% toluidine blue positive EPGCs were induced into neuronlike cells after 3-7 days. The average differentiation rates were 82% and 83% for inductive media RA and IBMX, which were significantly higher（ P 〈 0.01 ）than the cooperative inductive effect of RA, BHA, DMSO and IBMX. There was no significant difference between RA and IBMX（ P 〉 0.05）. Immunohistochemisctry results indicated that EPGCs differentiated into neuron-like cells with positive NSE and NFM and negative GFAP. Conclusion Chicken EPGCs have the muhipotential to differentiae in vitro into adipocytes and neuron-like cells.