中文摘要：

目的探讨在内毒素诱导的Wistar大鼠葡萄膜炎中Toll样受体4（TLR4）阳性细胞与虹膜组织中巨噬细胞的动态变化和分布。方法实验研究。Wistar大鼠50只，用随机数字法随机分为5组，每组10只，分别为正常对照（0h）组、6h组、12h组、24h组及48h组。除0h组外其余各组均足垫部注射霍乱弧菌内毒素200μg，注射后于裂隙灯显微镜下观察双眼前节炎症反应变化。按实验分组于0．6、12、24、48h处死大鼠。取虹膜-睫状体及脉络膜组织。通过葡萄膜铺片免疫组织化学方法检测TLR4和巨噬细胞的标记CD163的表达。人工计数虹膜中TLR4^＋与CDl63^＋的细胞并计算细胞密度，计算圆形和多形性的CD163^＋细胞占所有CD163^＋细胞的百分比。进一步采用免疫荧光双标记检测TLR4和CD163共表达的情况。通过单因素方差分析分别对大鼠虹膜内阳性细胞密度以及圆形、多形性CD163^＋细胞的百分比进行统计学检验。结果正常大鼠虹膜睫状体组织不表达TLR4。6h组有2只大鼠虹膜内可见少量TLR4^＋细胞，12～48h组所有大鼠虹膜内TLR4^＋细胞明显增多（F=167．2，P〈0．001），虹膜内TLR4^＋细胞密度分别为（506．1±39．5）个／mm^2（12h组）、（492．3±54．5）＋／mm^2（24h组）及（663．8±150．2）个／mm^2（48h组）。在注射LPS后12—48h期间TLR4^＋细胞形态无明显变化。0—48h组大鼠虹膜内均有CD163^＋细胞，0h组圆形和多形性CD163^＋细胞百分比为13％，12～48h组其百分比约为80％，且圆形细胞主要位于虹膜基质层。免疫荧光双标记可见TLR4和CD163的共表达，TLR4位于细胞膜，CD163位于细胞质。5组大鼠脉络膜内均未见TLR4表达。结论内毒素诱导的大鼠葡萄膜炎中虹膜内TLR4表达增高，部分虹膜固有巨噬细胞表达TLR4。TLR4可能在葡萄膜炎的发生发展中起一定作用。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the dynamics and distribution of toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） in urea-resident tissue macrophages during endotoxin-induced uveitis （EIU） in Wistar rats. Methods Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups （n = 10 per group） based on the following time points： before LPS injection （0 h,control group） and 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after LPS injection. All the rats （except the control group） received a footpad injection of 200 p.g of vibrio cholera lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. The intensity of anterior segment inflammation was evaluated after the LPS injection. Ten rats each were killed before LPS injection and 6, 12, 24, 48 h after injection. The iris-ciliary body complex and choroid from each eye were removed and cut into segments. Immunohistochemical localization of TLR4 and a resident tissue macrophage marker, cluster of differentiation 163 （CD163）, was performed on whole mount isolated iris-ciliary body complexes and choroids. TLR4^＋ and CD163^＋ cells in the iris were counted, and the cell density （cells/mm^2） was calculated. For CD163^＋ cells, the percent of round pleiomorphic cells in positive staining ceils was calculated. The distribution patterns and the phenotypes of cells expressing these two proteins were further characterized by double-labeled immunofluorescence studies. Positive cell density and the percent of reund-pleiomorphic CD163^＋ cells were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by least significant difference procedure （LSD） tests for multiple comparisons. Results The iris-ciliary body complex did not express TLR4 in normal rats. Six h after the LPS injection, a small number of TLR4^＋ cells were detected in the irides of two rats. The density of TLR4 ^＋ cells in the iris was （506. 1 ± 39. 5 ） cells/ mm^2 （ 12 h）, （492. 3 ± 54. 5 ） cells/mm2 （ 24 h） and （663. 8±150. 2 ） cells/mm^2 （48 h）, respectively. The number of TLR4^＋ cells significantly increased 12, 24 and 48 h after the injection （ F