中文摘要：

利用微生物呼吸醌指纹谱图结合传统分析方法研究了水力停留时间（HRT从30h逐步缩短至5h）对活性污泥硝化性能及种群结构的影响。结果表明，对于NH4^＋—N浓度为500mg·L^-1的废水。在HRT≥20h时。氨氮上除率可达98%以上，若继续缩短HRT污泥流失严重。尽管进水NH4^＋-N浓度降低，出水NH4^＋—N和NO2^-—N仍明显积累．对微生物呼吸醌谱图的解析表明。系统中亚硝化细菌是以变形菌纲β亚纲微生物为主，硝酸细菌是以硝化杆菌为主，亚硝化细菌随污泥量的降低而相应减少。但硝酸细菌数量维持稳定，保持在10^5CFU·L^-1的水平。

英文摘要：

A conventional activated sludge system was used to treat the ammonium-bearing inorganic wastewater for 260 days under decreased HRTs. When treating 500 mg·L^-1 NH4^＋-N wastewater, over 98% ammonia removal could be obtained at HRT≥20 h. Sharp washout of biomass occurred when HRT was further decreased, resulting in the accumulation of ammonium and nitrite. Changes in the community structure were monitored by microbial quinone and conventional analytical methods. Quinone profiles indicated that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria （AOB） in β-Proteobacteria and Nitrobacteria in a-Proteobacteria were the predominant species to oxidize ammonia and nitrite, respectively. The number of AOB decreased with the reduction of biomass in bioreactor, while that of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria （NOB） changed little and fluctuated at 10^5CFU·L^-1.