应用热力学理论,对煤代谢网络中典型的4种代谢模式,即民用燃烧、炼焦、发电和气化多联产,进行了热力学分析,通过热效率、[火用]效率的计算找出各个过程的有用能利用薄弱环节,提出可能的改进方法,以提高能量利用效率,进而改善资源利用状况;对比不同过程的能量能质利用情况,说明在能源利用方面,基于煤气化的多联产系统效率更高;未来煤资源利用将会朝着更清洁、更高效的方向,一方面探索新的利用模式,另一方面致力于现有模式能源利用效率的提高。
In order to realize clean and high efficient use of coal, finally realize resources economization and sustainable development, both new modes developing and existing modes improving should be studied. This article investigated the thermodynamic analysis of 4 kinds of coal metabolism process (civil combustion, coking, power generation and coal gasification polygeneration) by using the theory of thermodynamics, calculated the energy and exergy efficiency and identified the main problems for each process. Some targeted effective improving ways are proposed to increase the efficiencies and realize resources economization. By comparing the 4 different kinds of coal metabolism modes, it is also indicated that the most efficient way is coal gasification polygeneration, after which are power generation and coking, while civil combustion has the lowest efficiencies both in energy and exergy. It is obvious that the civil combustion mode should be replaced by other modes with higher efficiency, such as liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas combustion.