中文摘要：

背景：在新疆地区农牧民生活水平普遍明显低于城镇居民,同时当地缺医少药,医学知识匮乏是当地农牧民们罹患骨关节病的主要原因,大多农牧民不能够在早期发现或预防膝关节骨关节炎,去除致病因素,致使其在就医时病情严重。目的：了解新疆北疆农牧区维、哈、汉3个民族膝关节骨性关节炎主要致病因素。方法：在2012年1月至2013年12月采用分层、多阶段、整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取北疆维吾尔族、哈萨克族、汉族3个民族符合条件的常住居民,对符合纳入标准的所有居民以入户现场封闭式问卷的方法进行膝关节骨性关节炎的调查,对有症状者进行膝关节X射线正侧位平片检查。建立数据库,采用SPSS 20.0软件对其中40个变量进行多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果与结论：共调查3 540例,有效问卷3 402份。回归分析得出维吾尔族、哈萨克族、汉族之间共同致病因素有：年龄大、女性、体质量高和是否饮洒有关;吸烟、内科病病史、文化程度高、站位、爬山、外伤、家族史、油炸食品、住房条件以及妇女是否闭经、不同族别、少数民族做礼拜也是主要危险因素;在3个民族中维吾尔族、哈萨克族女性患病率明显高于汉族;3个民族之间患病率不同;而饮食偏好尚不能确定是膝关节骨性关节炎的相关影响因素,出行方式、居住地气候环境、孕产次数、是否喝茶及喝茶的种类与膝关节骨性关节炎是否有关尚不明确。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND：The living standard of farmers and herdsmen in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China is significantly lower than that of urban residents in general. Meanwhile, the shortage of doctors and medicines and lack of medical knowledge are the main reasons for local farmers and herdsmen to suffer from knee osteoarthritis. Most of the farmers and herdsmen are not aware of or prevent knee osteoarthritis in the early days to remove pathogenic factors, which results in a serious condition at the time of their medical treatment. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the main pathogenic factors of knee osteoarthritis in Uygur, Kazakh and Han populations in pastoral areas of northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.METHODS：The permanent residents of Uygur, Kazakh and Han ethnic groups in northern Xinjiang, China who met the criteria were selected by the method of stratified, multistage and cluster random sampling during June 2012 to October 2014. The investigation of knee osteoarthritis was conducted among al the residents who meet the inclusion criteria using the method of home scene closed questionnaire. X-ray lateral plain film examination of the knee joint was performed among the patients presenting with the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. The database was established. The multi-factor and unconditional Logistic regression analysis was conducted among the 40 variables using SPSS 20.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The 3 402 of 3 540 questionnaires were valid. The Logistic regression analysis suggest that the common pathogenic factors in Han, Uygur and Kazakh ethnic groups are associated with older ages, female gender, high body mass and drink alcohol. Smoking, history of internal disease, high education level, standing position, climbing, trauma, family history, fried food, housing conditions and amenorrhea, different nationalities, churchgoing of ethnic minorities are also the major risk factors. Among the three ethnic groups, the prevalence of female patients in Uygur and Kazak ethnic groups is signifi