中文摘要：

目的：观察三氯乙烯（trichloroethylene,TCE）致敏豚鼠的肝脏功能改变和超微结构变化。方法：选用体质量250～300g的白色雌性豚鼠,随机分成空白对照组,溶剂（橄榄油）对照组,TCE处理组（包括TCE致敏24h、72h组和TCE未致敏24h、72h组）。根据豚鼠最大值试验（guinea pig maximization test,GPMT）法进行处理,在终末激发后24h和72h心脏采血,用全自动生化分析仪测定血清中谷丙转移酶（ALT）、谷草转移酶（AST）、总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、球蛋白（GLB）、白球比值（A/G）等肝功能指标,无菌条件下取肝组织进行病理学和超微结构检查。结果：TCE处理组致敏率为65.38%。TCE致敏72h组ALT和AST水平比TCE致敏24h组和TCE未致敏72h组均升高（P均〈0.05）;TCE致敏72h组ALB水平比溶剂对照组和TCE未致敏72h组降低（P〈0.05）。病理检查显示TCE致敏72h组中见到较多肝细胞水肿,并有胞核破裂消失。透射电镜观察显示TCE未致敏组可见少数线粒体空泡、变性,粗面内质网减少;TCE致敏组肝脏细胞中线粒体空泡、变性、数量减少,粗面内质网断裂、扩张、糖原颗粒明显减少;且在末次激发后72h组比24h组的损害更严重。结论：TCE处理组豚鼠体内发生了肝脏功能障碍和超微结构的破坏,且损伤的程度随着时间的延长而加重。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE：To observe the changes of liver function and ultrastructures induced by trichloroethylene in sensitized guinea pigs.METHODS：White female guinea pigs（250-300 g） were randomly divided into blank control group,solvent（olive oil） control group and TCE treatment group.Guinea pigs were treated with guinea pig maximization test（GPMT）.Specimens were collected at 24 h and 72 h after last stimulation,liver tissue pathology and ultrastructures examined,and AST,ALT,TP,ALB,GLB and A/G in serum measured.RESULTS：Sensitization rates were 65.38%in TCE treatment groups.Compared with TCE sensitized 24 h group and TCE non-sensitized 72 h group,ALT and AST levels in TCE sensitized 72 h group increased significantly（P0.05）.Compared with solvent group and TCE non-sensitized 72 h group,ALB levels in TCE sensitized 72 h group increased significantly（P0.05）.TCE sensitized group 72 h revealed more edema in liver cells with nucleus ruptured and disintegrated.TEM observation showed：a few mitochondria vacuoles,degeneration,rough endoplasmic reticulum decreased in TCE non-sensitized group.TCE sensitized group demonstrated reduction in the number of mitochondria in liver cells,rough endoplasmic reticulum fracture,expansion,decreased glycogen granules.In the group of 72 h after the last challenge,more serious damage was visible than those in 24 h group.CONCLUSION：Liver dysfunction and ultrastructural damage occurred in sensitized guinea pigs induced by trichloroethylene.The extent of injury gradually increase with time.