中文摘要：

报道了以商品化硬炭作为钠离子电池负极材料的研究。采用X射线衍射分析（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）以及氮气吸脱附测试（BET）对其结构进行表征;利用恒电流充放电、循环伏安和阻抗谱技术对电化学性能进行了测试。结果表明：硬炭呈现无序乱层多孔结构,比表面积为2.2 m2/g,层间距远大于石墨负极材料（0.38 nm）。该硬炭材料对钠离子电池表现出较好的嵌入/脱嵌钠的容量、倍率性能和良好的循环性能。在20 m A/g电流密度下的首次嵌钠比容量为361.7 m Ah/g,脱钠比容量为259.8 m Ah/g,首次效率为72%;在40 m A/g电流密度下循环100次的比容量保持在250m Ah/g,容量保持率99%,是一种具有应用潜力的储钠负极材料。

英文摘要：

A kind of commercial hard carbon as anode for sodium-ion battery was reported. The morphology and structure of hard carbon were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET） measurements; the electrochemical performance was tested by constant charge- discharge, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that hard carbon with turbostratic disordered porosity structure has a specific surface area of 2.2 m2/g and the layer distance （0.38 nm） is much larger than that of graphite anode material （0.335 nm）. The hard carbon has a better capacity of sodium-ion insertion and extraction, rate and cycle performance for sodium-ion battery. In the first sodium-ion insertion and extraction process, the specfic capacity is 361.7 and 259.8 mAh/g, respectively, delivering the efficiency of 72% at the current density of 20 mA/g. The specific capacity is 250 mAh/g and the capacity retention is up to 99% for 100 cycles at 40 mA/g. It is a promising anode material for the storage of sodium-ion.