中文摘要：

盐城滨海湿地是中国最重要的海岸带湿地之一，对区域生物多样性维持及我国近海水质安全意义重大，近年来由于持续的开发利用导致生境质量发生了显著变化。为在景观水平上揭示盐城滨海湿地的动态趋势，选择1975、1991、2002和2006年Landsat遥感影像数据，对盐城滨海湿地土地利用／覆盖变化及其转移过程进行了研究。结果表明：1975—2006年，自然湿地面积减少了56％（1．5×10^5hm^2），渔塘和农田的面积则分别增加了892％（8．2×10^4hm^2）和165％（5．9×10^4hm^2）；围垦及渔塘开挖等生产用地的扩张是滨海湿地土地利用／覆盖变化的主要形式，占土地利用变化总面积的75％，湿地的自然演替占11％，米草（Spartina spp．）的生物入侵占湿地整体变化面积的7％，但近年来有减缓趋势；盐城滨海湿地土地利用／覆盖变化主要存在“潮间带泥滩→碱蓬（Suaeda salsa）群落→渔塘（农田）”、“潮间带泥滩→碱蓬群落→芦苇（Phragmites communis）群落→渔塘（农田）”、“潮间带泥滩→米草→渔塘”等3类主要转移过程；自然湿地的大量减少将进一步压缩野生动物生存空间，对近海水体的净化能力也将下降，因此须加强对湿地围垦与开发利用的控制，加强对现有湿地资源的保护。

英文摘要：

Yancheng coastal wetland is one of the biggest inter-tidal ecosystems in China, and plays important roles in supporting regional biodiversity and maintaining offshore water quality. Owing to the continuous exploitation in recent decades, this wetland has experienced significant changes. To reveal the dynamic changes of this wetland at landscape level, the land use/cover change （LUCC） since 1975 was investigated, based on the Landsat remote sensing data in 1975, 1991, 2002, and 2006. From 1975 to 2006, the natural wetland in Yancheng coastal wetland decreased by 56% （1.5 × 10^5 hm^2） , while fish pond and farmland increased by 892% （8.2 × 10^4 hm^2） and 165% （5.9 × 10^4 hm^2） , respectively. Reclamation and fish pond exploitation were the main forms of LUCC, accounting for 75% of the total changed area, and natural succession and Spartina spp. invasion accounted for 11% and 7% , respectively. In the LUCC in Yancheng coastal wetland, there were three main transition processes, i. e. , intertidal mudflat → Suaeda salsa community →fish pond （farmland）, intertidal mudflat → Suaeda salsa cummunity → Phragmites communis community → fish pond （farmland） , and intertidal mudflat → Spartina anglica community → fish pond. The large scale shrinking of natural wetland would further reduce the survival space of wildlife and exacerbate the offshore water quality, and accordingly, reclamation controlling and wetland conservation should be strengthened.