中文摘要：

钢管厚度及分层超声检测系统中，检测工艺和校准方法对检测精度有较大影响。该文首先探讨探头晶片尺寸对分层检测的影响，选取小尺寸探头晶片进行钢管分层的识别；针对钢管超声自动化测厚工艺，采用钢管螺旋前进以及超声探头阵列扫查的方式，保证全覆盖的管体厚度和分层检测；设计一种检测水箱带动探头主动气浮跟踪的装置，提高探头对中精度和检测稳定性。最后提出一种基于最小二乘法的超声测厚仪器校准方法，通过斜率修正钢管的温度、材质等因数对声速的影响，通过截距修正系统误差，壁厚测量误差在0．1mm以内；实验进一步验证校准方法的可靠性。

英文摘要：

With regard to steel pipe thickness measurement and ultrasonic lamination detection system, detection technology and calibration method have a great impact on the detection accuracy. The paper discussed the impact of the probe wafer size to lamination detection firstly, and selected probe wafer of small sizes to detect the steel pipe lamination. With regard to the automatic ultrasonic steel pipe thickness measurement technology, spiral forward of steel pipe and array scanning of proper wafer were adopted to fully cover pipe for thickness and lamination detection. A device whose detection tank drives the probe for floating tracking was designed to improve the centering precision and stability of probe. Finally, an ultrasonic instrument calibration method based on least squares method was presented. By correcting the impact of steel pipe temperature and materials and other factors on acoustic velocity through slope and correcting system error through intercept, the pipe thickness error was controlled within 0.1 mm. The test has further validated the reliability of the calibration method.