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中文摘要：
开关在脉冲功率技术中极其重要，其已成为制约脉冲功率技术发展的主要技术瓶颈。为了满足高电压、大电流、高电荷转移量、电极烧蚀小、寿命长的要求，文中设计了一个由轴向磁场控制的旋转电弧间隙开关，研究了其电磁场分布及轴向磁场下电弧的运动机制，并进行了初步实验。结果表明此开关中的电弧确实在轴向磁场控制下做旋转运动，且运动速度很快，不需要对触发脉冲进行陡化就能得到纳秒级脉冲。实验放电波形比较稳定，分散性为2ns；开关电极表面的烧蚀小，有利于延长开关的寿命；开关工作参数为：电压23kV，单脉冲能量0．314MJ，峰值电流100kA，电荷转移量27．3C/脉冲。
英文摘要：
Switchs which have been the main bottleneck for the development of the pulsed power technology are very crucial. A Rotary Arc Gap--switch in axial magnetic field is designed and built with high voltage, high current, large charge transfers, slight electrode erosion and long lifetime. The magnetic field, electric field distributions and move mechanism of the arc in axial magnetic field are studied. The elementary experiments indicate that the arc in axial magnetic field is authentically rotating with high velocity. The switch can produce nanosecond pulse without sharpening the trigger pulse and can work steadily with 2ns jitter. There are slight erosions on the electrodes so it is useful to extend the lifetime of the switch. The switch has been demonstrated to discharge a 23kV, 0.314MJ bank with peak currents of 100kA and charge transfers of 27.3C/pulse on a single shot.
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