中文摘要：

本研究旨在观察和测定设施栽培黄瓜根系丛枝菌根真菌（arbuscularmycorrhizalfungi，AMF）与暗隔内生真菌（dark septate endophyticfungi，DSE）形态结构，明确其发育特征，为进一步探索AMF与DSE相互作用奠定基础。自山东莱阳、寿光和莱西等设施蔬菜主产区选择黄瓜Cucumis ativus样地，从不同连作年限、黄瓜生育期和土层深度分别采集黄瓜根系和根区土壤；观察根内AMF与DSE形态特征、测定AMF和DSE侵染数量、分析AMF或DSE侵染发育数量与黄瓜根结线虫Meloidogyne incognite病害的相关性。从黄瓜根系中可观察到典型的AMF泡囊、疆南星型（Arum，A）与重楼型（Paris，P）丛枝结构、DSE菌丝和微菌核。以黄瓜结果中期根系AMF和DSE侵染率最高，分别为57％和28％，苗期最低，分别为18％和8％；初花期的丛枝为P型，苗期和结果中期则为A型＋P型。连作〈7年和7-10年的黄瓜根内丛枝为A型＋P型，AMF和DSE的侵染率均分别显著高于连作〉10年的侵染率，连作〉10年的丛枝为A型。黄瓜根系以0-15cm土层中AMF侵染率最高（29％），丛枝为P型；以〉30cm的侵染率最低（12％），丛枝为A型；3．5-30cm土层的为A型＋P型。AMFP型着生率、P／A比率和DSE侵染率分别与根结线虫病的为害程度具有相关性。研究结果还表明黄瓜根系AMF侵染率与DSE侵染率里显著正相关关系。

英文摘要：

The purpose of this study was to observe arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） and dark septate endophytic fungi （DSE） colonization structures, so as to make clear their development features and to provide a basis for further exploring interactions between AMF and DSE. Roots and root zone samples of cucumber plants grown in commercial greenhouse in different conti- nuous cropping years, growth stages, and soil layers were collected from the sampling sites in Laiyang of Yantai, Shouguang of Weifang, and Laixi of Qingdao. Typical vesicles, Arum （A） arbuscules, and Paris （P） arbuscules of AMF, hyphae and microsclerotiaof DSE were observed on the cucumber roots. The highest colonization percentages of AMF and DSE showed in roots of cu- cumber plant in the mid-term of full productive stage, were 57% and 28% respectively, while the lowest percentages were 18% and 8% respectively in the seedling stage. P arbuscules were observed in roots of cucumber in initial flowering stage, while A arbuscules ＋P arbuscules in seedling and in the mid-term of full productive stage, A arbuscules ＋P arbuscules in 〈7 year and 7-10 year continuous cropping, and A arbuscules in〉10 year continuous cropping. AMF and DSE colonization percentages were significantly greater in 〈7 year and 7-10 year continuous cropping than in 〉10 year continuous cropping. The highest coloniza- tion （29%） of AMF occurred on roots in 0-15cm soil layer, and only P arbuscule was observed; while the lowest colonization （12%） occurred in 〉30cm soil layer, and only A arbuscule was observed. As for A＋P, they were generally observed in 15-30cm soil layer. P arbuscule colonization rate, P/A ratio, and DSE colonization are correlated with the development level of root knot nematode disease on cucumber. The present investigation showed that there was a positive correlation between cucumber root colonization percentage of AMF and that of DSE