中文摘要：

Rubisco活化酶（RCA）是一种可激活光合作用关键酶Rubisco的伴侣蛋白,可通过对Rubisco的活性调节决定植物的碳同化效率。为了研究玉米ZmRCA1的多态性,参考GenBank中编码玉米Rubisco活化酶的ZmRCA1基因组序列设计引物对玉米微核心种质的95份自交系的ZmRCA1进行测序,获得长约1 680 bp的基因组序列。多态分析表明,在1 680 bp的区间内共发现22个SNP和8个InDel,其中5个SNP和1个InDel变异产生氨基酸序列改变;频率在0.1以上的13个多态性位点共形成27种单倍型,利用6个多态性位点就可以分辨约90%的单倍型。ZmRCA1基因具有高度序列保守性,基因DNA序列相似性为97.9%,而氨基酸序列的相似性则达99.8%;中性检验表明,ZmRCA1基因符合中性进化模型假设,没有发生纯化选择。

英文摘要：

Rubisco is a pivotal enzyme that initiates the first step of carbon fixation and photorespiration in plant photosynthesis.Rubisco accounts for up to half of the soluble protein in the leaves of plants.Nevertheless,the catalytic rate of Rubisco is com-paratively low.Rubisco activity is regulated mainly by Rubisco activase,which serves as a molecular chaperone.By activating and regulating Rubisco,RCA potentially influences the efficiency of carbon assimilation in plants.Thereby,RCA has identified a possible target gene for improve production in crops breeding.To investigate polymorphism of ZmRCA1,sequened and analyzed the genomic sequences of ZmRCA1 from a minicore set of 95 maize inbred lines.Totally 22 SNPs and 8 InDels were identified in a 1 680 bp sequence alignment.There were five SNPs and one InDel,which generated amino acid sequence variation.A total of 27 haplotypes were identified with 13 polymorphic loci with the frequency of 0.1 or more.Approximately 90% haplotypes could be distinctly distinguished by six polymorphic loci.The ZmRCA1 gene was highly conserved,with the genic similarity of 97.9% and the amino acid sequence similarity of 99.8%.Neutrality tests showed that no purifying selection occurred in ZmRCA1.