中文摘要：

目的：探讨鼻腔气流流场与鼻腔气道结构、功能之间的关系。方法：根据CT对25例健康中国人鼻腔气道进行表面三维重建和有限元剖分,设定边界条件后求解Navier-Stokes方程,分析通气量为10L/min时吸气相的气流流场。结果：①5例以双侧鼻腔通气为主,气流主要流经总鼻道中部;20例以一侧鼻腔通气为主：在主要通气侧气流主要经过总鼻道中、下部,在非主要通气侧气流主要经过总鼻道中部。②气流速度在鼻阈,总鼻道中部、下部主要通气侧和非主要通气侧均差异具有统计学意义,在嗅裂,中、下鼻道双均侧差异无统计学意义;③主要通气侧流速在鼻阈最快,在总鼻道中部、下部次之,在中、下鼻道,嗅裂最慢;非主要通气侧气道各部位流速均差异无统计学意义。结论：①10L/min时总鼻道中、下部起主要通气作用。②鼻阈、下鼻甲、中鼻甲依次对进入鼻腔的气流进行有效、合理分流,鼻周期可能与之相关。

英文摘要：

Objective：To investigate the nasal airflow-field in relation with the structure and function of the human nose. Method：The 3-D finite-element mesh is developed from Spiral CT imaging scans of the 25 healthy volunteers noses. Given three preconditions, the nasal air-flow is described by the Nsvier-Stokes and continuity equations at the inspiratory flow rate of 10 min, then the whole airflow patterns are obtained for further analysis. Result：① In 5 cases, the airflow passes mainly through the middle medial region in both sides in the nasal airway. In remaining 20 cases, the airflow passes mainly through the middle and ventral medial regions in one side in the nasal cavity while little air passes through middle medial regions in another the other side through which little air passes. ②The differences of velocity in the nasal valve, middle and ventral medial regions of the nasal airway between mainly side and non mainnot-mainly side are of statisticals significance, while those in the olfactory split, middle and inferior meatuses in both sides are of no statisticals significance.③ In the mainly side, the most rapid airspeed occurres in the nasal valve , the second rapid velocity in the middle medial region and the third in the ventral medial regions, the slowest velocity in the olfactory split, middle and inferior meatuses. In notnon- mainly side, the velocity in all regions is slow without statisticals significance. Conclusion： ①At the inspiratory flow rate of 10 L/min, the middle and ventral medial regions act as the main airways in nasal cavity. ②The airflow in nasal cavity can be directed effectively and reasonably by nasal valve, inferior turbinate, middle turbinate in turn, which may be consistent with the nasal cycle functionally.