中文摘要：

为探讨典型环境激素壬基酚（nonylphenol,NP）对枝角类浮游动物多刺裸腹溞连续世代的毒性效应,在实验室条件下,暴露连续3个世代（F0、F1、F2）多刺裸腹溞于0.02～0.10 mg·L-1的NP。15 d后测定成体死亡率、首胎繁殖时间、后代数目、成体蜕皮次数以及终点体长。研究结果表明,NP对F0代多刺裸腹溞具有很高的致死率;随着世代的增加,在相同NP质量浓度暴露下,与母代成体的死亡率相比,子代多刺裸腹溞成体的死亡率增高,致死毒性放大;NP对多刺裸腹溞连续3个世代的繁殖力都有显著抑制作用（P〈0.05）,并随着世代递增,NP对子代繁殖力的抑制增强;在NP暴露下,多刺裸腹溞F0首胎繁殖时间明显推迟,NP暴露浓度与延迟程度呈正相关,呈现出剂量-效应关系,首胎繁殖时间延迟的趋势也存在于F1、F2世代中且存在放大效应;但是连续3个世代多刺裸腹溞成体的蜕皮次数都不受NP暴露影响;F0和F1世代多刺裸腹溞终点体长降低,并呈现明显的剂量-效应关系,但与F1相比,F2低浓度处理组受试个体终点体长呈增加趋势。对结果进行分析,认为多刺裸腹溞在NP暴露后的母代DNA或DNA完整性遭到破坏导致子代在相同NP质量浓度暴露下更容易受到NP致死性的影响;NP化合物具有的苯酚结构抑制枝角类体内葡萄糖、硫酸盐与类固醇的结合,从而引起体内荷尔蒙水平异常,最终对诸如生殖等生理行为造成不利影响;多刺裸腹溞成体的蜕皮次数都不受NP暴露影响表明蜕皮激素系统未受到干扰,且NP对生长的影响显然存在蜕皮外的其他作用机制。

英文摘要：

To explore the toxic effects of nonylphenol（NP）, a typical environmental hormone, on Moina macrocopa through successive generations, three consecutive generations（F0, F1, F2） of this species were exposed to NP at concentrations ranging from 0.02 mg·L-1to 0.10 mg·L-1in laboratory, and adult mortality, first reproductive time,neonate number, adult molting frequencies and final body length were measured after a 15-d toxicity test. The results showed that NP caused marked mortality in F0 animals. When treated with identical NP concentrations, the mortality of offspring generations increased with growing generations and the lethal effect was magnified compared to their mother generation. The reproductive abilities of three successive generation animals were remarkably inhibited（P〈0.05）, and the reproductive inhibition in offspring generation was higher than parental generation. First reproductive time was significantly postponed in F0 animals and the retardation was positively related to NP concentrations, indicating a dose-effect relationship; the delay trend in first reproductive time also existed in both F1 and F2generations and exhibited a lengthening effect. However, there was little effect on adult molting frequencies in three successive generations. Final body length of F0 and F1animals declined and showed a clear dose-effect relationship, but body length of F2 animals showed an increasing trend compared to F1 at low NP concentrations. The observations were interpreted as a result of damage in DNA or DNA integrity of mother generation after exposure to NP, leading to higher susceptibility to lethal effects of identical chemical concentration in offspring generation. The phenolic structure of NP can inhibit glucose and sulphate conjugation of steroids in cladocerans and cause abnormality in hormone level, which can adversely affect physiological processes such as reproduction. Adult molting frequencies were not affected by NP exposure, indicating that molting hormone system was not disturbed and