中文摘要：

根据光纤的强耦合模理论,阐述了熔融拉锥型光纤耦合器的工作基理,并研究了熔融拉锥法制作单模光纤耦合器的过程,分析了各参数对耦合器性能的影响,利用光学测试系统测试了光纤耦合器各光学特性参数。经大量实验表明,强耦合模理论与实验结果吻合,说明该方法的可行性；同时拉锥法制作的光纤耦合器具有较好的性能特性,表明该方法具有制作过程简单、附加损耗低、方向性好、均匀性好、环境稳定以及成本低廉等优点。

英文摘要：

Strong coupling-mode mechanism of fused biconical taper is discussed based on fiber s evanescent field coupling theory.The facture process of 3 dB single-mode fiber coupler is presented,which makes use of the experimental platform of a sic-axis optical fiber coupler machine and the method of the fused biconical taper.The relation of drawing speed versus excess loss and splitting ration is analyzed,and it is found that the fiber coupler has good performance when the drawing speed is 150μm/s.Lastly,the perfor...