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中文摘要：
自噬是广泛存在于真核细胞内的一种细胞分解自身构成成分的生命现象．细胞内的双层膜结构与溶酶体结合后其内包裹的受损、变形或衰老细胞器蛋白质等被水解酶类降解．细胞自噬具有多种生理功能，生命体借此维持蛋白质代谢平衡及细胞环境稳定，这一过程在细胞清除废物、结构重建、生长发育调节中发挥重要作用．细胞自噬也与肿瘤的存活和死亡等过程密切相关．近年来对细胞自噬的研究有了较大的深入，本文主要对自噬体的形态和发生过程及其分子机制、信号调节通路、自噬研究的检测方法，以及自噬与细胞凋亡和肿瘤发生的关系等方面进行概述，以期较全面地了解细胞自噬作用和最新研究动态．
英文摘要：
Autophagy widely existed in eukaryotic cells. It is a muhistep process of self-degradation of cellular components, in which double-membrane autophagosomes sequester a bulk of misfolded or damaged proteins and organelles by fusion with lysosomes containing resident hydrolases. Autophagy displays a variety of physiological functions to maintain the balance of protein metabolism and homeostasis of cells, involving in the removal of cellular waste, structural rearrangement as well as regulation of cell growth and development. Autophagy can be activated in pathological conditions and influence the survival and death of tumor cells. In recent years, autophagy has been intensively investigaed. This review summarized the advances in studies in autophagy morphological characterization, regulatory molecular mechanism, signaling pathways, methodology of detection and connections with apoptosis and tumorigenesis. It can be helpful for a comprehensive understandin~ of the functions of autnnhA~v.
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