中文摘要：

突涌水灾害对地下工程危害严重，实践表明，注浆是治理突涌水灾害的有效方法。近年来，裂隙岩体注浆理论的研究成为热点，但裂隙动水注浆理论发展缓慢，不能有效指导工程实践。在水平裂隙动水注浆 U 型扩散理论基础上，研发可变倾角小比例裂隙动水注浆模型试验系统，开展多组室内模型试验，研究倾角对裂隙动水注浆扩散规律的影响机制，同时，利用COMSOL软件对一定倾角的裂隙动水注浆扩散进行数值模拟。研究表明：当裂隙水平时，满足U型扩散形态；当裂隙存在倾角时，在动水水头差和浆液自身重力因素作用下，浆液呈现彗星状扩散形态；相同扩散效果下，注浆速率随裂隙倾角的增加呈抛物线型增长规律，增加注浆速率可以保持注浆孔附近相对于其周边区域的浓度梯度优势。该研究结论对于目前裂隙动水注浆理论是一种重要补充，对指导突涌水灾害治理有一定的实践意义。

英文摘要：

Water inrush does serious harm to underground engineering. Practice has proved that grouting is an effective technical means to manage water inrush. In recent years, the research on grouting theory for fractured rock mass has become hot, but the fractured hydrodynamic grouting theory develops slowly which was not enough to guide the grouting engineering practice effectively. On the basis of U-shaped diffusion law of horizontal fracture dynamic grouting, the small scale model test system for fracture dynamic grouting with variable inclination is developed. The inclination influence mechanism for grouting diffusion in hydrodynamic conditions is studied by carrying out multi-group indoor model tests and simulating fracture dynamic grouting diffusion process with certain inclination by COMSOL software. The research shows that it meet the U-shaped diffusion law when the fracture is horizontal, and it presents comet-shaped diffusion law under the influence of water head difference and gravity when the fracture existed inclination. Grouting rate and inclination presented parabola-shaped relationship curves under same diffusion effect, and increasing grouting rate can keep the concentration gradient advantage of grouting hole compared with around area. Some suggestions for reference to guide engineering practice are proposed on basis of research results. The conclusions are important complements for the present fractured hydrodynamic grouting theory, and play a positive role to guide grouting engineering practice.