中文摘要：

非酒精性脂肪I生肝病（NAFLD）发病率正在逐年上升。微JbRNA（microRNA，miRNA）是一类长度为19—22个核苷酸的非编码小分子RNA，它参与基因转录水平后调控，具有调节细胞增殖、死亡、神经细胞分化、个体发育等重要的生物学功能。目前随着对miRNA研究的深人，发现miRNA与中医药防治NAFLD方面关系密切，文章从microRNA与NAFLD的中医病因、中医病机、中医证候及其防治等方面系统阐述了miRNA在中医药防治NAFLD中的应用。microRNA在NAFLD的病程中及发生发展过程中发挥着潜在的重要作用，将有更大的研究空间和发展前景。

英文摘要：

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） incidence rate is rising rapidly year by year. microRNA （miRNA） is a sort of small molecules RNA with length for 19-22 nucleotide of non coding. It involves in gene transcription level control, which can adjust cell proliferation, death, nerve cell differentiation, individual development and other important biological function. At present, with the further study on miRNA, increasing evidences shows that there is a close relationship between miRNA and prevention and treatment of NAFLD with traditional Chinese medicine. From some aspects, we shed light on application of miRNA in prevention and treatment of NAFLD with traditional Chinese medicine. MicroRNA plays an important role in the process of occurrence and development of NAFLD. And there will be more research space and development prospects for it in the future.