中文摘要：

输电线路故障测距技术是保证供电可靠性的关键技术之一。在分析故障行波带宽的基础上，提出了直接在输电线路上获取故障电流行波的方法。讨论了检测点在不同安装位置时检测到的故障行波与其反射、折射波的对应关系，提出了分布式故障测距系统安装子系统的数目和安装位置的要求。在此基础上建立了分布式测距系统测距方程，并提出了故障区间、故障类型及伪故障点的判别方法。PSCAD仿真表明，此分布式综合故障定位方法可消除波速的不确定性带来的误差，整体定位误差小，有望在输电线路上得到广泛的应用。

英文摘要：

Fault location of over-head transmission line is one of the key technologies which guarantee power supply reliability. By analyzing the bandwidth of transient state traveling wave, we proposed a method of current transient state traveling wave acquisition, and discussed the relationships between transient state traveling wave, refraction wave and reflection wave obtained by fault detector installed at different positions. The necessary number and position of sub-system were proposed in the distributed fault location system, furthermore, the equation of distributed fault location system were established ,and the distinguishing method of interval fault, fault type and the false fault point were demonstrated based on the conclusion. The simulation of PSCAD demonstrated that the method of dis- tributed fault location could eliminate the error caused by the uncertainty of traveling wave velocity, and the total error was also limited, so it would be widely applied in over-head transmission line.