中文摘要：

为保证变电站避雷器工作的稳定性,应尽可能降低其内部电阻片最大电压承担率,而降低电压承担率可通过改变均压环结构来实现。鉴于电压承担率与均压环结构的关系异常复杂,难以建立准确的数学模型,提出了利用避雷器2维对称模型仿真结果来建立均压环结构对电压承担率影响关系的支持向量机模型;然后基于该支持向量机模型,以最大电压承担率最小化为目标,并对均压环表面场强加以约束,利用微分进化算法求解得到了均压环的最优结构。算例优化结果表明,避雷器2个均压环表面电场强度最大值分别下降了43.24%和32.21%,内部电阻片最大电压承担率下降为1.088,避雷器工作性能明显改善。最后通过对比验证了所提方法的有效性。

英文摘要：

In order to ensure the stability of arresters in substation, the maximum voltage distribution ratio of the in internal valve elements should be reduced as much as possible. The voltage distribution ratio can be reduced by changing the structure of grading rings. In view of the complex relationship between voltage distribution ratio and grading rings structure, it is difficult to establish an accurate mathematical model. Consequently, we established a support vector machine model for this relationship by using the simulation results of the two dimensional symmetric model of the arrester. Then based on support vector machine model, with the object of minimizing the maximum voltage distribution ratio and the constraint of the surface electrical field intensity, the optimal structure of the grading ring was obtained by differential evolution algorithm. The optimization results show that the maximum electric field strength of two grading tings are de- creased by 43.24% and 32.21%, respectively, the maximum voltage distribution ratio of the internal valve elements is 1.088, so the working performance of the arrester is improved obviously. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is verified by comparison.