中文摘要：

首次在室温条件下超声方法直接将金属Zn制备ZnO纳米颗粒薄膜。利用滚压振动磨机械研磨的Zn粉作为原料,采用独特的油相水相混合溶液作为分散液,超声分散打破软团聚使金属Zn纳米颗粒水解得到了分散性较好的纳米粒子,并且可以利用该纳米粒子简单地制备出均匀致密的ZnO纳米粒子薄膜。利用X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）对产物进行了表征。结果表明,采用该方法可制得具有密排六方结构的ZnO纳米颗粒,并且该产物分散较好。原子力显微镜（AFM）、静电力显微镜（EFM）表明利用该纳米粒子制备的薄膜致密均匀,EFM显示纳米粒子表面电学性质有较大差异。探针台I-V测试显示不同原料Zn粉制备出的ZnO纳米颗粒薄膜可以获得不同导通电压从而获得不同的整流效果。该方法在室温条件下由Zn粉制备出ZnO纳米颗粒和薄膜,为制备不同维度ZnO纳米结构提供了新思路,同时也为制备、改善整流器件提供了创新和经济的途径。

英文摘要：

Research provides a simple,efficient and direct method to prepare ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO nanoparticles film.Zn powder mechanically polished by rolling vibration mill-the invention of professor Wang Shulin is used as raw material;unique liquid agent of oil phase cyclohexane and water phase was utilized as dispersion;ultrasonic wave was used to break and hydrolyze soft agglomerated Zn nanoparticles into easy-disperse ZnO nanoparticles.This kind of ZnO nanoparticles can be exploited of preparing well-distributed ZnO nanoparticles film.Analysis of XRD,TEM shows that ZnO nanoparticles obtained in this approach is HCP crystal structure and well dispersed.Testing results of AFM,EFM,indicate this kind of ZnO nanoparticles can be used to prepare nanoparticles film;nanoparticle surface electrical properties are quite different.I-V testing shows that samples prepared by different raw materials performs various break-over voltage and rectification character.This method transforms Zn to ZnO at room temperature and provides an innovative,economic way to improve and manufacture nano structure as well as rectification devices.