中文摘要：

利用稀释平板涂布法对白云鄂博稀土矿区土壤中放线菌进行了分离与形态观察,同时应用相似性指数、丰富度指数、多样性指数以及均匀度指数等生态学方法对该地区放线菌的生态学特征进行了分析,并在此基础上分别对所选放线菌的耐盐性、耐酸碱性、耐低温或高温以及耐高辐射性元素等耐性指标进行了调查研究。结果表明：①经纯培养及菌落颜色和形态观察共从矿区土壤中分离得到14株放线菌;②在白云鄂博东矿区不同区域放线菌菌落相似性指数分别为0.571 4、0.142 9和0.250 0,丰富度指数和多样性指数矿顶明显比矿中部和下部高,而均匀度指数矿底部比中部和顶部高很多;③所选14株放线菌中都不同程度耐受高盐、强碱、极度低温或高温,尤其2号菌株不仅耐高盐同时甚至在pH为12环境中也可正常生长,而14株放线菌几乎都可以耐高辐射元素。

英文摘要：

Actinomycetes in the soil samples collected from Baiyun Obo rare earth mine area（REMA） were isolated and observed morphologically by dilution-plate method,analyzed their ecological characteristics using the ecological method such as similarity,species richness,diversity,and evenness indices.Based on these their salt tolerance,acid and strong base resistance,low or high temperature tolerance and high radiation elements tolerance were investigated.The results showed that： ① Altogether 14 strains of actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples of the Obo REMA through pure cultivation,colony color,and morphological observation;② Similarity index of colony isolated from different areas of east mining area was 0.571 4,0.142 9,and 0.250 0,the richness or diversity index in the top of east mine area was higher than those in the middle or the lower of east mine area,but evenness index in the bottom of east mine area was higher than those in the middle and the top of the east mine area;③ They all had higher salt,strong base,extreme low or high temperature tolerance,especially,strain 2 could be cultured under the higher salt and strong base environment simultaneously such as pH 12,at the same times,all of them almost could resist high radiation elements.