中文摘要：

果皮是西瓜果实的重要组成部分，其结构对果实的贮运性能有重要影响。通过制作果皮组织的石蜡切片．观察了8组同基因型不同倍性西瓜果皮结构，研究不同染色体倍性对西瓜果实果皮结构的影响及西瓜果实贮运性能的影响。研究表明，不同倍性西瓜果皮结构存在差异，多倍体西瓜果皮厚度及各组成部分的厚度均大于二倍体．石细胞大小及形态与二倍体存在差异，多倍体西瓜果实的内果皮层从外到内有较为明显的小细胞向大细胞的过渡．而二倍体的这一变化不明显，在西瓜果实的不同发育时期，果皮结构也存在一定的差异。

英文摘要：

The rind is important component of watermelon fruits. Its structure has effects on storage and transportation of the watermelon fruits. The paraffin section method was employed in this study to compare rind anatomic structure between different ploidy watermelon,including diploid,triploid, and tetraploid, and the effects of the ploidy on the rind structure and storage and transportation of the watermelon fruits were also studied. The results showed that the rind structure of different ploidy watermelons was different, the rind thickness and each layer thickness of polyploid watermelon was thicker than diploid, the stone- cell size and shape was different from the diploid, an obvious transition between the small cell and the big cell was observed in the polyploid endocarp layer, but this change in the diploid is not obvious, the difference of rind structure was observed in the different growth stage of watermelon fruits.