中文摘要：

随着电磁环境效应与防护技术研究的不断深入，瞬态电场时域测试技术已成为电磁脉冲攻防领域急需解决的关键性科学问题之一。文章从“硬件”和“软件”两个方面。对不同类型电场传感器的特点以及瞬态电场时域测试系统的动态补偿技术等进行了对比总结，指出瞬态电场时域测试技术在测试系统动态性能提高、测量误差评定、动态性能补偿等方面均有待进一步研究和完善。并对其发展趋势进行了展望。

英文摘要：

With the development in the research of electromagnetic environment effects and the corresponding protection technologies, transient electric field measurement in time-domain has become one of the focal points in the field of EMP attack and protection. In this paper, different types of electric field sensors are contrasted in terms of dynamic modeling and compensation methods of transient electric field measurement systems. It is concluded that further efforts should be made for improvement of dynamic property, dynamic error estimation, and dynamic compensation of the measurement system. Furthermore, the development trend of the transient electric field measurement technology in time-domain is forecasted.