中文摘要：

飞行器在飞行过程中会因空间电荷的感应或与空间粒子的摩擦等原因在其表面形成静电积累，为有效减小其对飞行器的影响，分析了飞行器表面材料沉积静电成因，总结了要实现表面材料沉积起电地面模拟需要解决的问题，提出了飞行器表面材料沉积起电地面模拟试验平台，较好地解决了试样高速摩擦、试验平台对地绝缘、静电电位测试方法、环境控制等问题。利用该平台开展了某型飞行器表面材料沉积起电模拟试验，研究了沉积起电电量随时间、转速和湿度的变化规律。试验结果表明：被测表面材料在空气中高速运动后带正电，周围空气介质带负电；旋转速度越高，则静电电荷量越大，并且电荷量最大值随转速的增大而急剧增大；起电电位的最大值随相对湿度的增加而减小。

英文摘要：

The electrostatic charge is accumulated on the surface of the aerial vehicle in flying process due to induction of charged particles and friction with aerosols. In order to decrease the impact on aircraft, the reason of precipitation static accumulated on aerial vehicle surface material was analyzed. The problems of process simulation on the ground were summarized. An experimental platform for aerial vehicle surface material precipitation static was designed, and a lot of problems, such as the high speed friction of aircraft and space particles, requirements for high bleeder resistance for analog devices, testing of friction potential, environment control and so on, were solved. A certain type of surface material was adopted. Moreover, the law of electrostatic potential change with different deposition time, relative velocity, and relative humidity, was studied in the experiment. The results show that the measured material is positively charged after the fast-moving; the higher the relative speed, the greater the amount of electrostatic charge, and the electrostatic charge rapidly increases as the speed increases; the electrostatic charge decreases as the relative humidity increases.