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中文摘要：
用掺杂一定比例的硝酸镍盐／硝酸钴盐、尿素、无水乙醇与猛炸药泰安制成水溶性炸药，在密闭容器氮气保护下，爆轰合成碳包覆镍／钴纳米晶颗粒。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）和Raman光谱仪等对爆轰产物的形态结构和组成成分进行测试。实验结果表明，爆轰产物以金属纳米晶为核，周围包覆多种形态的碳物质且形成包覆结构特征比较完整的碳包覆镍／钴纳米颗粒，包覆层主要由无定形碳、石墨和微量的富勒烯构成。
英文摘要：
The explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate （PETN） was proportionally mixed with nickel/cobalt nitrate, carbamide, and absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain watersoluble explosives. The obtained watersoluble explosives were ignited by the detonators under nitrogen protection in explosion vessels to synthesize carbon-encapsulated nickel/cobalt particles. The shape, composition and structure of the detonation products were characterized by TEM, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman spectroscopy. And the formation mechanism of the carbon-encapsulated nanocrystals was tentatively discussed. The results show that the detonation soot consists of metal nanocrystals as cores and amorphous carbon, graphite and a little fullerene as carbon-coating layers.
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