中文摘要：

为了解决现有饮水机加热装置拆卸困难、冷热水混合危害健康、饮用水二次污染等问题,在国家峰谷电急需平衡的背景下,设计了合理利用峰谷电的单片机控制智能饮水机。它主要包括加热装置、快换结构、热水存储结构、通气孔复位洁净帽结构和单片机控制系统。采用反压式供水加热结构,使加热更充分;加热装置可见,能快速更换即热管;以通气孔复位洁净帽隔离饮水机内部与外界接触,可减少污染物的进入和散热;由电磁阀控制流水方向,彻底隔离冷水和热水,避免阴阳水,提高了饮水质量;带有温度、液位传感器、报警保护功能,可解决用水高峰水量不足、用水低谷反复加热电能浪费问题;通过设定低谷段的时间范围,实现低谷时段加热储水,在合理利用峰谷电的同时为用户节省电费。若推广使用可为国家电网“削峰填谷”优化做出贡献。

英文摘要：

To solve the problems of existing drinking fountains, such as inconveniently replacement heating equipment, harm-ful cold-hot mixing water and secondary pollution of drinking water, and to balance the urgent requirement of the national peak valley electricity, an intelligent drinking water machine controlled by microcontroller is designed. The drinking fountain could reasonably utilize the peak and valley electricity. It consists of heating device, rapidly replacing structure, hot water storage structure, clean cap structure of ventilation hole and single chip microcontroller controlling system. It adopts back pressure type water supply heat structure, making the heating more efficient. Its heating unit is visible, making it quickly to replace the heat pipe. Its clean cap structure of ventilation hole separates the inside and the outside, reducing the incoming of pollutants and rejection of heat. Its electromagnetic valve controller controls the flow direction of water, thoroughly separating cold water and hot water, avoiding unboiled water and boiled water, improving drinking water quality. It has temperature sensor, liquid- level sensor and alarming protection function, which can solve the problem of electric energy waste because of water shortage in peak usage and repeatedly heating in valley usage. Through setting the time range of valley stage, it can realize water heat and storage in valley stage, rationally using peak and valley power while saving money for the users, and its widely use can make contribution to the national power grid optimization of cutting peak and filling valley.