中文摘要：

豆科植物能够利用与根瘤菌形成的共生系统高效地同定氮素养分。根瘤形成过程包括表皮细胞中侵染线形成和皮层细胞根瘤原基形成2个阶段。豆科植物根瘤的形成和发育存在严格的调控机制，综述了多种激素正向（如细胞分裂素、生长素、赤霉素等）或负向（乙烯、逆境激素等）或协同调控根瘤的形成和发育的研究进展。并提出对激素调控结瘤机制的深入研究，将有助于提高豆科作物的产量，减缓氮肥过度使用造成的环境问题。

英文摘要：

Legumes have evolved symbiotic interactions with rhizobial bacteria to efficiently fix nitrogen nutrient. The formation of a nitrogen-fixing nodule involves two developmental processes ： infection thread initiation in epidernal cells and nodule pri- nmrdia formation in the cortex. Legumes develop a strict mechanism to regulate nodulation. The researches of several plant hor- mones have been reported positively（ cytokinins, auxin, gibberellins, etc. ） or negatively （ ethylene, stress hormones, etc. ） or co- ordinated regulate the formation and development of nodulation were summarized. It put forward that profounder researches on the mechanism of nodule regulation would contribute to the improvement of legumes production and the reducement of environ- mental problems caused by overusing of nitrogen fertilizers.