中文摘要：

21世纪是海洋经济时代。随着我国经济的发展，能源问题日益突出。2005年石油进口量达到了12280万t，对外依存度达到34％。由于我国陆上石油资源日益枯竭，海上石油开发就成为能源的战略重点。南海陆架具有良好的生油和储油岩系，可能成为另一个波斯湾或北海油田。南海扼海上要冲——马六甲海峡，南海航线是我国能源的海上生命线，具有不可替代的战略地位。发展深海油气的勘探和开发技术，开发我国的南海深水石油资源，维护海域主权已经刻不容缓。优先进行南海石油开发是破解我国石油能源困局、实现我国经济可持续发展的必选战略。

英文摘要：

As the embodiment of ocean-economy, the problem of energy has been outstanding day by day. The petroleum imports quantity had come to 12 280 × 10^4 t in 2005. In the same time, the degree depend on outward had come to 34 %. If the world oil price each one harrel rise USD 10, GDP of China would lower 0.68 percentage points. Because the petroleum resources of our country land are increasingly dried up, developing petroleum of sea becomes strategic point of China energy. The stratum about land-frame of Cenozoic in China Sea was about 2000 ～ 3000 metres thick, there were mutual act between land facie and sea facie, in tertiary sediment, which has benign procreating oil and oil storage system. For example delta, bio-reef, ancient hidden hill, the reserves of oil can reach 41.8 billion tons and China Sea may become another Persia Bay or north sea oil field. And, grip the sea strategic area-MA LIU JIA＇s straits South China Sea, the flight path of South China Sea is the sea life line of our country energy, having the strategic position that can＇t act for. The resources and the waters sovereignty of our country in South China Sea has been suffered to the tremendous invasion. Developing deep the sea oil annoy, exploring with development technique, developing deep the water petroleum resources of our country in South China Sea, maintenance our＇country the waters sovereignty are urgent already. Having the initiative to carry on the petroleum development in South China Sea is strategy to choose necessarily for cracking trap bureau of our country petroleum energy.