中文摘要：

Toll样受体（TLR）是进化保守的模式识别受体家族之一，在启动和调节宿主对病原体的免疫应答中起重要的作用。已经报道在鸡体中发现了10种TLR，与哺乳动物的同源物相比，在进化中高度保守，能识别病原体中保守的组成成分，其中TLR3、TLR7和TLR21主要识别核酸配体，在细胞内体上分布，在抗病毒免疫中尤为重要。论文主要对鸡TLR3、7和21在抗病毒免疫中的作用及信号途径进行综述。

英文摘要：

Toll-like receptor （TLR） is evolutionarily conserved family of pattern recognition receptors （PRRs） ,and play an important role in the activation and regulation of the host response to pathogens. 10 TLRs have been founded in chicken. TLRs are highly conserved in evolution and recognition of the patho- gen conservative components. TLR recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns（PAMPs） not on- ly plays an important role in the innate immunity, and also is able to active the acquired immunity. Chicken TLR3,7 and 21 in the antiviral immune signaling pathways were reviewed.