中文摘要：

森林模拟优化模型（forest simulation and optimization system,FSOS）已在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省和中国长白山区得到广泛应用.FSOS模型基于多种资源协调平衡管理观点,采用金属模拟退火优化算法安排森林经营作业方案,在实现森林经营多目标长期可持续协调发展的基础上达到森林资源的理想状态.FSOS模型中的多功能（或多目标）包括水的储存和净化、二氧化碳的截获、野生动物生境保护、生物多样性维持、可视景观质量与木材生产等,其目标的参照系＂森林理想状态＂由专家、环境组织和政府政策根据生态系统的多功能进行综合界定.本文详细介绍了FSOS基本参数和理想状态的界定,及金属模拟退火优化算法在森林生态系统规划中的应用,为实现森林生态系统多种资源的规划管理以及政府定量分析和管理森林生态系统的多种资源并有效监督森林作业和多种资源变化、实现森林资源可持续利用提供帮助.

英文摘要：

Forest Simulation and Optimization System（FSOS） model has been widely used in British Columbia of Canada and in Changbai Mountains of China.This model is based on the viewpoint of harmonized and balanced management of forest resources and the application of simulated annealing optimized algorithms in arranging forest management schemes,aimed to realize the sustainable and harmonized development of forest resources multiple objective management and to transform forests to their desired status.The multiple functions（or the multiple objectives） in the FSOS model include water storage and purification,carbon sequestration,wildlife habitat protection,biodiversity conservation,visual landscape quality,and timber production,and the desired forest status is comprehensively defined by experts,environmental organizations,and government policies.This paper introduced in detail the simulated annealing algorithms in FSOS,including solution representation,evaluation,and transitions,and the potential applications of the algorithms in forest ecosystem planning,aimed to provide helps to the planning and management of forest resources and to the governments to quantify,analyze,and manage the forest resources,effectively monitor forest operations,and achieve the sustainable development of forest ecosystem.