山东沂南矽卡岩-热液型金铜铁矿床位于沂沭断裂带西侧,矿床受控于燕山期中酸性杂岩体与围岩的接触带及围岩中的构造薄弱带(不整合面、层间破碎带、滑脱带),矿体围绕岩体呈环带状产出。文章在成矿地质条件分析基础上,系统研究了沂南金矿床的氢、氧、碳、硫、铅同位素以及钕锶同位素的组成特征,探讨了成矿热液类型和成岩成矿物质来源。研究表明,成矿热液早期以岩浆热液为主,后期有部分大气降水的加入,且两者均与围岩发生了同位素交换作用;热液中碳主要为深源岩浆来源,少量来自海相碳酸盐岩的溶解作用;硫化物矿石中的硫同位素组成特征反映了硫源具有深源岩浆硫的特征;铅主要为放射性成因的“J型铅”,其源区年龄(2.37Ga)暗示了矿床的成矿物质来源于结晶基底(新太古代泰山群);铷锶同位素组成特征表明,含矿中酸性岩体的成岩物质来源为幔壳混合型。
The Yinan Au-Cu-Fe deposit located west of the Yishu deep fault zone in western Shandong Province is a skarn and hydrothermal type ore deposit. The ore bodies occur in the contact zones between the Yanshanian intermediate-acidic composite intrusions and their surrounding wall rocks. Based on metallogenic settings, this paper has analyzed the composition characteristics of H, O, C, S, Pb and Rb-Sr isotopes and the indicative meaning of these isotopes to chemistry of the ore fluids and the sources of the ore-forming materials and intrusions. The composition of H and O isotopes shows that ore fluids were most likely composed of magmatic water mixed with limited meteoric water at the late ore-forming stage. Sulfur and carbon isotopic data suggest that the oreforming materials were mainly derived from the deep magma and subordinately from the dissolution of wall rocks. The significant Pb isotopic values of the ore might have resulted from the interfusion with a large amount of radioactive anomalous Pb ("J" type Pb), whose calculated age (2.37Ga) implies that the ore-forming materials had close genetic relations with the crystalline basement (Taishan Group). It can be deduced from the composition of Rb-Sr isotopes that the ore-forming stocks might have been the remelting products of high-maturity crustal materials or have resulted from the mixture of crustal materials with limited mantle components.