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山东沂南金铜铁矿床中的液态不混溶作用与成矿：流体包裹体和氢氧同位素证据

期刊名称：矿床地质，2010，29（1）：43-57
时间：0
分类：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学;天文地球—地质学] P618.41[天文地球—矿床学;天文地球—地质学]
作者机构：[1]中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室,北京100083, [2]成都理工大学地球科学学院,四川成都610059, [3]四川省冶金地质勘查院,四川成都610051
相关基金：国家自然科学基金（40772060 40930423 40873036）; 国家重点基础研究发展计划（2009CB421003-01）; 长江学者和创新团队发展计划; 高等学校学科创新引智计划（B07011）; 中国地质大学地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室基金（GPMR0531）资助;志谢感谢审稿人和编辑部的建设性意见.本项研究得到了翟裕生先生的悉心指导与帮助,值此翟先生从事地质工作60年暨80寿辰之际,谨以此文献给尊敬的翟先生,真诚感谢他多年来的言传身教和精心提携,衷心祝愿他健康长寿、阖家幸福!
相关项目：滇黔桂地区卡林型金矿床流体不混溶成矿作用研究

关键词：地球化学, 液态不混溶, 沸腾, 流体包裹体, 氢、氧同位素, 沂南金铜铁矿床, 山东, geochemistry, immiscibility, boiling, fluid inclusions, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, Yinan Au-Cu-Fe deposit, Shandong

中文摘要：

沂南矽卡岩型金铜铁矿床产于燕山期中酸性侵入岩与新太古界—寒武系地层接触带附近。氢、氧同位素研究表明,早期干矽卡岩阶段（Ⅰ）和湿矽卡岩-磁铁矿阶段（Ⅱ）的成矿流体主要为岩浆水,晚期石英-硫化物阶段（Ⅲ）和碳酸盐阶段（Ⅳ）的成矿流体则显示有大气降水混入的岩浆水特点。流体包裹体研究表明,成矿各阶段热液矿物中的包裹体类型丰富,以气液两相盐水包裹体、含子晶多相包裹体和CO2-H2O包裹体为主,次为纯液相水包裹体和纯气相水包裹体,偶见晶质熔融包裹体。由Ⅰ→Ⅱ→Ⅲ→Ⅳ阶段,气液水包裹体均一温度（520～430℃→430～340℃→250～190℃→190～130℃）呈现逐渐降低的趋势。在Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段的石榴子石和绿帘石中,晶质熔融包裹体与同期次捕获的具不同气相分数的气液水包裹体及含子晶的多相包裹体共生,表明它们被捕获时是一种熔体与流体共存的不混溶状态。在Ⅲ阶段的石英（少量Ⅱ阶段的绿帘石）中,常见气相充填度变化很大的气液水包裹体与同期次捕获的纯液相水包裹体、纯气相水包裹体、含子晶的多相包裹体以及CO2-H2O包裹体共生,且共生的不同类型包裹体均一温度相近,表明此阶段成矿流体曾发生过广泛的沸腾（不混溶）。因而认为,在沂南矿床由岩浆结晶分异到热液成矿的整个演化过程中,可能先后经历了两种液态不混溶作用,早期岩浆熔融体与气液相流体的不混溶导致含矿气水热液的析出,晚期气相与液相组分的不混溶（沸腾）则导致了金、铜、铁的沉淀。

英文摘要：

The Yinan skarn-type Au-Cu-Fe deposit occurs at the contact zone between the Yanshanian intrusives and the Neo-Archean-Cambrian sedimentary rocks. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic geochemistry shows that the early ore-forming fluids of the anhydrous skarn stage （Ⅰ） and the hydrous skarn-magnetite stage （Ⅱ） were mainly derived from magmatic water,whereas the late fluids of the quartz-sulfide stage （Ⅲ） and the carbonate stage （Ⅳ） came mainly from magmatic water mixed with small amounts of meteoric water. Various types of fluid inclusions,which include mainly vapor-or liquid-rich two-phase aqueous inclusions,daughter minerals-bearing multiphase inclusions and CO2-H2O inclusions,subordinately liquid inclusions and vapor inclusions,and minor melt inclusions,are present in minerals of different stages. The homogenization temperature of the aqueous fluid inclusions decreases from stage Ⅰ（520～430℃）,through stage Ⅱ （430～340℃） and Ⅲ（250～190℃）,to stage Ⅳ （190～130℃）. The coexistence of melt inclusions with simultaneously trapped vapor-or liquid-rich two-phase aqueous inclusions and daughter minerals-bearing multiphase inclusions in garnet and epidote of stages Ⅰ and Ⅱsuggests an immiscibility between silicate melt and hydrothermal fluid. In the quartz of stage Ⅲ,the aqueous fluid inclusions with various vapor/liquid ratios （〈10% or 〉65%） commonly coexist with simultaneously trapped liquid inclusions,vapor inclusions,daughter minerals-bearing multiphase inclusions and CO2-H2O inclusions,and different kinds of fluid inclusions have similar homogenization temperatures. This indicates that boiling extensively took place at stage Ⅲ. It is thus suggested that two kinds of immiscibility occurred in the process from magmatic crystallization and differentiation to hydrothermal mineralization in the Yinan ore deposit. The earlier immiscibility between silicate melt and hydrothermal fluid caused the escape of ore-bearing fluids from the magma,whereas the later

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