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中文摘要：
基于元胞自动机法耦合有限差分法原理,对经超声外场处理的7050铝合金熔体凝固组织进行微观模拟,研究施振功率和冷却方式对7050铝合金微观组织的影响,在实验验证的基础上,对超声细化晶粒的机制进行说明。模拟和实验结果表明：熔体经超声处理,凝固组织明显细化,组织形貌由枝状晶变为细小等轴晶,超声的空化效应和声流效应使得形核率增加是晶粒细化的主要原因;在实验功率范围内,超声功率为240 W时晶粒细化效果最佳,此时晶粒的平均尺寸为72μm;超声细晶过程需要1个最短必要时间tmin,冷却强度低时,超声有效作用时间延长,晶粒的均匀化和细化程度增加。超声功率为200 W时,改变冷却方式,随炉冷却方式所得晶粒最小,平均尺寸为82μm。
英文摘要：
Based on the process of coupling cellular automat with finite differentiation,the influences of different power ultrasound and cooling method in ultrasonic field on solidification structure of 7050 aluminum alloy ingots were investigated,then the mechanism of grain refinement by ultrasonic was analyzed.The simulation and experimental results show that the grain size is obviously refined and the morphology of grain is changed into equiaxed grain from dendritic crystals,mainly to ultrasonic emptying effect and flowing effect.The average grain size of 72 μm is achieved by 240 W ultrasonic power.There is a least time of grain refinement by ultrasonic.When cooling intensity reduces,ultrasonic treating time increasing,the microstructure becomes finer.So the least average grain size of 82 μm,changing cooling methods,is obtained in furnace cooling by 200 W ultrasonic power.
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