中文摘要：

针对大学化学教材中杂化轨道理论难以掌握这一实际问题，对杂化轨道理论的使用方法和步骤进行了改进和简化．提出了在一定条件下，分子中的非中心原子会和中心原子一样优先采用杂化轨道方式成键的思想，并依据这一思想对杂化轨道理论进行了改进，同时利用改进后的杂化轨道结合各种实例分子，描述了构造分子骨架和判断离域多中心键的基本步骤．改进后的杂化轨道方法容易理解，易于操作，特别是处理含有离域电子的体系，效果明显，对教学和学习过程都有很好的促进和提高作用．

英文摘要：

For facilitating the application of hybrid orbital theory, the process of applying the hybrid orbital method is reformed. The idea that all non-hydrogen atom should adopt hybrid orbital in forming σ-bond is proposed, and the idea that all the non-hydrogen atom will prefer to adopt a unified style of hybrid orbital is presented. The modified hybrid orbital method is verified by several molecule, and the application process is clearly illustrated. The modified hybrid orbital method can be widely applied in other molecule and ions, and it is effective especially in deducing the multi-center bond.