中文摘要：

为筛选出抗穗发芽小麦种质及可用于种质评价和分子标记辅助育种的高效分子标记,以41份黄淮南片区试品系和309份中外小麦品种为材料,选用4个与穗发芽抗性相关的标记,即STS标记Vp1B3和MST101、STMS标记wmc104及SSR标记Xgwm155,结合整穗发芽鉴定试验,评价筛选抗穗发芽小麦种质,同时对上述4个分子标记进行有效性验证。结果表明,标记Vp1B3和wmc104可有效用于小麦穗发芽抗性筛选,而标记Xgwm155和MST101与穗发芽抗性不相关;350份供试材料中41份国家区试材料的整穗发芽率普遍偏高,均值达到43.94%;而另外309份材料中,淮麦20、轮选987、长旱58等18份材料为高抗穗发芽品种,平均整穗发芽率为2.56%,是穗发芽抗性育种中的重要抗性资源。

英文摘要：

To select wheat genotypes with higher PHS tolerance and assess the efficiency of four markers（Vp1B3,MST101,wmc104 and Xgwm155）associated with PHS tolerance,in this study,the germination percentage（GP）was measured in the 350 wheat varieties,including 41 regional trial wheat varieties from the south of Huanghuai area and 309 Chinese and foreign landraces and historical varieties.The relationships between the variation of the PCR products of the four markers and the GP of the tested accessions were analyzed.The results indicated that the STS marker Vp1B3 and STMS marker wmc104 were effective to selecting PHS resistant varieties,but the SSR marker Xgwm155 and STS marker MST101 were not associated with PHS resistance.The GP of varieties from the national regional trial were higher,reached to 43.94%.However,among 309 Chinese and foreign landraces and historical varieties,Mazhamai,Huaimai 20,Lunxuan 987,Changhan 58 and other 15 cultivars with the GP value 2.54% had higher resistance to PHS,which were important resources of resistance PHS in wheat breeding.