中文摘要：

目的对胃癌高发区甘肃省武威市儿童和青少年幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染状况进行横断面调查。方法采用随机抽样方法对武威市938名3—18岁儿童和青少年以及96户家庭进行Hp粪便抗原检测；采用Hp蛋白质印迹法对经Hp粪便抗原检测阳性的80名儿童和青少年进行Hp毒力蛋白分析。结果武威市儿童及青少年Hp感染率为72．3％（678／938），Hp感染率各年龄组差异无统计学意义。Hp感染可能与居住地区、父母职业、饮水来源、是否上过幼儿园、是否生吃蔬菜、是否刷牙及断奶时间相关。多因素回归分析提示，饮水来源、上过幼儿园、生吃蔬菜是Hp感染的危险因素。Hp阳性标引者家庭其他成员Hp感染率82．3％（121／147）显著高于Hp阴性标引者家庭其他成员的Hp感染率47．4％（18／38）（x。=19．736P〈0．05）。Ⅰ型Hp感染率为71．3％（57／80），Ⅱ型Hp感染率为28．7％（23／80）。结论武威市儿童和青少年具有较高的Hp感染率，Hp感染存在家庭聚集现象，武威市儿童及青少年Hp感染以Ⅰ型感染为主。

英文摘要：

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori （Hp） infection among children aged 3 to 18 years old of Wuwei city, Gansu province. Methods The study was based upon a personal questionnaire and a determination of Hp antigen using the Hp stool antigen test （HpSA） method. A total of 938 subjects and 96 families were selected in Wuwei city. Eighty children and teenagers with a definite positive Hp stool antigen test were examined by serum Western blotting method. Results The prevalence of Hp was 72.3% （678/938）with no age difference. Prevalence of Hp infection was correlated with type of dwelling, occupation of parents, drinking water source, kindergarten attendance, consumption of raw vegetables, a poor oral hygiene and breast feeding etc. According to the multivariate analysis, drinking water source, kindergarten attendance and consumption of raw vegetables were most strongly associated with prevalence of Hp in children and adolescents. The infection rate of parents whose children were infected with Hp was higher than that of those whose children were not infected [82.3% （121/147） vs 47.4% （ 18/38）, x^2 = 19. 736, P 〈0.05]. The antibody responses of 57 samples （71.3%） from 80 children were of type Ⅰ Hp and 23 samples （28.7%） type Ⅱ. Conclusions Hp infective rate is high in Wuwei city. The data support maternal-child and sibling-sibling transmission as the primary transmission routes of Hp. The results of serological analysis confirm that the majority of Wuwei Hp infection is of type Ⅰ.