中文摘要：

三苯胺结构单元中，与氮原子相连的3个苯环具有较高的活性、结构多样性和易裁剪修饰的特性，因此通过在苯环适当的位置外接不同的识别基团，可得到一系列具有特定传感性能的三苯胺类荧光探针分子。系统总结了三苯胺衍生物在金属离子、阴离子和小分子检测中的研究进展，并对探针分子的设计思路、合成方法、应用范围等进行了详细的比较分析，同时对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

英文摘要：

In trihenylamine structure, the three benzene rings linked with the nitrogen atom with its obvious activity, structural diversity and easily modified property, can be connected with external recognition substituents at appropriate positions and a series of fluorescent chemosensors with certain functions can be produced. The latest pro gresses in the field of triphenylamine-based fluorescent probes for cations, anions and small neutral molecules are re- viewed, and the design idea, synthesis, and applications are discussed in detail. The developing trends in this field are also discussed.