中文摘要：

墙面的可照时间取决于墙面所在的纬度、墙面的朝向和太阳赤纬.根据墙面上日出日没时角配置关系的分析,可得到计算墙面可照时间的具体计算公式,并可据此用解析的方法分析墙面上可照时间随纬度的变化.研究结果显示：不同朝向的墙面上可照时间随纬度的分布具有一定的规律性,朝向互补的墙面,在冬夏半年对应太阳赤纬时的可照时间的纬度分布具有反向对称性,如南（北）向墙面上冬（夏）半年的可照时间随纬度的分布,对应于北（南）向墙面上夏（冬）半年的可照时间随纬度的分布.夏半年北半球北向墙面,其可照时间随纬度的分布在45°N有极小值.纬度等于太阳赤纬的墙面,可照时间在一定朝向范围内不随朝向的变化而变化.在水平面极昼的纬度范围内,东西朝向的墙面,可照时间不随纬度的变化而变化.

英文摘要：

　The shine-duration on vertical wall surfaces rests with latitude,azimuth of vertical wall surfaces and the solar declination,because these factors determine the match relations of sunrise and sunset hour angles on vertical wall surfaces.According to the analysis on the match relations of sunrise and sunset hour angles on vertical wall surfaces,we can get four idiographic formulae for calculating the shine-duration on vertical wall surfaces.The partial derivative of shine-duration to latitude can be acquired easily from them.So we can study the change of shine-duration with latitude with the analytical method.For east-west symmetrical azimuth of vertical wall surfaces,their shine-durations are the same.And the shine-duration on vertical wall surfaces with azimuth partial to south in northern hemisphere when the solar declination is larger than zero,is equal to that on vertical wall surfaces with azimuth partial to north in southern hemisphere when the solar declination is less than zero,vice versa.For vertical wall surfaces orientating to north when the declination is larger than zero,the shine-duration achieves the minimum at the latitude 45°N.For the vertical wall surfaces where latitude is less than the absolute of declination,there is an azimuth where the shine-duration almost does not vary with latitudet.This azimuth can be approximately expressed with 90 °＋ solar declination.For the vertical wall surfaces where the latitude is equal to solar declination,the shine-duration does not vary with azimuth of the vertical wall surfaces so long as the azimuth of vertical wall surfaces is between the absolute of solar declination and 180°-absolute of solar declination.For the latitude with polar day on horizontal surface,the shine-duration does not vary with latitude on vertical wall surfaces orientating to the east or the west.