中文摘要：

晚清民国时期是景德镇陶瓷发展史上的重要时期。在经历了康雍乾三朝的鼎盛繁荣后，景德镇瓷业在这一时期开始走向衰退。瓷业的兴衰与其成长环境息息相关，本文围绕《景德镇新安书院契录》，结合其它资料，从社会管理方面考察这一重要过渡时期景德镇的瓷业环境，得出以下结论：1．先问亲邻制虽在清代国家法规中被明确否定，但在《契录》收录的大多数房地契中仍有体现，反映出这一民间法规强大的生命力。这一民间法规不仅体现在房地交易中，瓷业管理中也是如此。陶瓷行业的行规作为一种民间法规，规范着瓷业生产乃至地方社会秩序。2．根据《契录》的记载，中人是契约发生效力的必备要件之一，这其实是传统社会二元化管理体制的具体体现。这一时期的景德镇，行帮商会等民间组织不仅控制着瓷业生产，其势力也渗透在政治、经济、社会等领域中。行帮商会与上述的行规分别在组织层面、制度层面上操控着景德镇的瓷业以及社会秩序。

英文摘要：

The period from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China is an important transition in the history of ceramic industry in Jingdezhen, which witnessed the decline of the ceramic industry in Jingdezhen after the heyday of Qing Dynasty from Kangxi’s to Qianlong’s reign. This paper investigated the circumstances relevant to the development of Jingdezhen ceramic industry during this period on the respect of social management. The following conclusions are drawn in the investigation based on Transcripts of Contracts Held by Xin’an Academy in Jingdezhen （hereinafter referred to as Transcripts of Contracts） and other relevant materials. 1. The system of realty right of preemption for kinship and neighborhood was still in wide application according to Transcripts of Contracts though it had been explicitly abolished in state laws of Qing Dynasty. The key lies in the fact that the system, as a kind of folk law, could make up the deifciency of state laws with its lfexibility, thus it often played a vital role in civil society. Likewise, the professional etiquette in ceramic industry in Jingdezhen, which was also of a folk law, contributed much to the regulation of the porcelain making and local society order. 2. It was shown in Transcripts of Contracts that a middleman was indispensable in civil transactions of houses and lands, the reason for which was that the two-lateral administration system in the traditional Chinese society empowered both government and some nongovernment organizations. As the most powerful nongovernment organizations in Jingdezhen of that time, trade associations and Chamber of Commerce took control of porcelain making and even participated in political, economic and social affairs. Trade associations and Chamber of Commerce regulated the porcelain making and maintained social order with professional etiquette.