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中文摘要：
针对常规处理工艺中难以去除的Cd（Ⅱ）和Ni（Ⅱ），分别对KMnO4氧化、粉末活性碳（PAC）吸附及KMnO4与PAC联用强化工艺的去除效能及影响因素进行研究。结果表明，KMnO4氧化、PAC强化三氯化铁混凝都能明显提高Cd（Ⅱ）和Ni（Ⅱ）的去除率，但单独使用时，剩余绝对浓度仍然高于饮用水水质标准要求的限值。KMnO4与PAC联用能进一步提高去除率，使重金属剩余绝对浓度达到饮用水的水质标准要求。KMnO4去除重金属的作用主要依靠其还原生成的新生态水合MnO2，新生态水合MnO2能够通过专属吸附、静电吸附和共沉淀作用去除水中微量重金属。PAC的吸附作用主要是通过表面的羧基等酸性官能团与金属离子发生的络合反应。两者联用时，PAC的还原作用能将水中过量的KMnO4还原为MnO2，同时KMnO4的适度氧化作用对有机物分子量和表面化学性质具有一定的影响，提高了后续PAC的吸附容量，表现出一定的协同作用。在对影响因素的考察中发现，当水中共存多种重金属离子或大量碱土金属离子时，共存离子会与Cd（Ⅱ）和Ni（Ⅱ）离子发生竞争吸附而影响其去除。
英文摘要：
The efficiency and influence factors of removing trace heavy metals from water by iron chloride coagulation enhanced with the combination of potassium permanganate （ KMnO4 ） and powdered activated carbon （ PAC ） were studied. Results showed that the removal of Cd （ Ⅱ） and Ni （ Ⅱ ） by coagulation could be enhanced by KMnO4 oxidation or PAC adsorption, but the residue concentrations of Cd （ Ⅱ ） and Ni （ Ⅱ ） could not meet the drinking water standard. When the coagulation was enhanced by the combination of KMnO4 oxidation and PAC adsorption, a higher removal rate of Cd （ Ⅱ ） and Ni （ Ⅱ ） could be achieved and the residue concentrations of Cd （ Ⅱ ） and Ni （ Ⅱ ） could reach the drinking water standard. Newly formed MnO2 by KMnO4 oxidation helped to remove trace heavy metals by specific adsorption, static adsorption and sedimentation. Carboxyl and other acidic functional groups on the surface of PAC chelated with metal ions. While enhanced coagulation by iron chloride with the combination of KMnO4 and PAC, KMnO4 was transformed into MnO2 by excessive PAC and had effect on the molecular weight and superficial chemistry characters of organic material, which improved the adsorptive capacity of PAC. The adsorption of the heavy metals was influenced by the competition adsorption of other coexisting heavy metals or alkaline -earth metals.
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