中文摘要：

虚拟电厂（virtual power plant,VPP）是聚合分布式发电、分布式储能及需求响应等分布式能源（distributed energy resources,DERs）进行统一管理并参与电力市场的有效技术形式。而VPP的功率不确定性问题不仅对其内部运行提出了挑战而且对提供给系统良好服务构成威胁。通过分析VPP市场合同实施、随机发电出力和可中断负荷响应的功率不确定性,建立了相应奖惩机制,即市场合同违约惩罚机制、弃风弃光惩罚机制和可中断负荷响应奖惩机制。基于奖惩机制,兼顾VPP运行经济和风险效益,制定了VPP协调调度策略。以VPP净利润最大为目标,兼顾系统运行约束,建立了奖惩机制下的VPP优化调度模型。通过对改进IEEE30系统算例仿真,验证了所提模型的有效性。

英文摘要：

Virtual power plant（VPP） is an effective technological form for integrated management and participation in electricity market of distributed energy resources（DERs）, such as distributed generation, distributed energy storage and demand response. However, VPP power uncertainty problem not only brings a challenge to internal operation itself but also poses a threat to good service provided to the system. Corresponding incentive mechanism is established, namely, contract default penalty, wind and sunlight abandonment punishment and interruptible load（IL） reward-punishment, by analyzing power uncertainty of VPP market contract implementation, random power generation output and IL response. A coordinated VPP dispatch strategy is developed taking into account economic and risk benefits of VPP based on the reward-punishment mechanism. With the goal of maximizing profits, a VPP optimal scheduling model is established taking into account system operation constraints under the reward-punishment mechanism. Validity of the proposed model is verified with simulation of an improved IEEE 30 system.