中文摘要：

综述了提高微孔二氧化硅膜疏水性的方法以及微孔二氧化硅膜材料在氢气分离方面的应用。孔表面羟基是导致微孔二氧化硅膜亲水的主要原因，因此在溶胶-凝胶反应阶段用疏水基团来修饰溶胶，可以在最终材料的孔表面引入疏水基团，降低羟基浓度，从而提高其疏水性。修饰后的二氧化硅膜孔结构没有显著的变化，可以应用于氢气分离等领域。

英文摘要：

The present paper reviews in detail the latest development of the strategies to enhance the hydrophobic properties of microporous silica membranes and their potential application in hydrogen separation. The surface hydroxy is responsible for the hydrophilic nature of silica membranes, therefore the hydrophobic properties of silica membranes can be improved by the introduction of hydrophobic groups on the pore surface at the sol-gel reaction stage to reduce the coneentration of hydroxy groups. The pore structure of silica membranes remains almost intact after modification, and it＇s suitable for the application in hydrogen separation.