中文摘要：

运用ANSYS ICEM CFD以及HYPERMESH软件对10岁儿童头部几何模型进行合理的网格划分,获得具有高度解剖学细节的10岁儿童头部有限元模型.利用MADYMO软件自带的假人,模拟一起典型跌落事故中,受伤儿童从3个不同高度跌落时人体的动力学响应过程,并计算头部与地面碰撞接触瞬间的方位和速度等运动学参数.然后将这些参数输入到10岁儿童头部有限元模型中,模拟头部与地面的碰撞过程,并分析与损伤相关的生物力学参数.结果表明,颅骨的最大应力和最大应变分布在枕骨右侧,与碰撞点的位置较为吻合,但均未超过颅骨的耐受极限.利用颅内压力可较好地预测脑组织的损伤程度,而利用脑组织的von-mises应力可较好地判断脑组织的损伤位置.事故重建的结果表明,该模型具有较好的生物逼真度,可以用于儿童头部损伤生物力学的研究.

英文摘要：

In this study, the software ANSYS ICEM CFD and HYPERMESH was used to develop a finite element （FE） model for 10-year-old child head with detailed anatomical characteristics. The MADYMO models of crash dummies were used to simulate the dynamic responses of an injured child in a typical falling accident from three different heights, and the motion parameters of orientation and velocity of the child head at the moment of impact were calculated. These parameters were input into the 10-year-old child head finite element model to simulate the head response during the fall impact and analyze the injury-related biomechanics parameters. Results showed that the location of maximum von-mises stress and maximum .von-mises strain in the skull matched well with the impact site located on the right side of the occipital, but within their limits of tolerance. The intracranial pressure could accurately predict the injury level, while the von-mises stress could approximately recognize the traumatic location. The accident reconstruction results indicate that the constructed model has a good biofidelity and can be used for the further study of the child head injury mechanism.