中文摘要：

基于CT扫描,建立具有精确骨骼几何及详细椎间盘解剖学结构的3岁儿童C4-C5颈椎段有限元模型;参考成人颈部生物材料实验数据及相关成人与对比研究结果,采用缩放方法计算得到3岁儿童颈部组织材料参数;分别在准静态、动态拉伸以及准静态弯曲-伸展、侧向弯曲及轴向旋转载荷条件下,对模型进行验证.结果显示,准静态拉伸刚度为211.8 N/mm,动态拉伸最终失效力为759.9 N,最终失效位移为5.08 mm,均与实验值吻合良好;准静态伸展、弯曲、侧向弯曲及轴向旋转运动范围分别为9.75°、9.29°、3.79°和7.04°,均在实验基准数据允许的误差范围内,吻合良好.结论表明：该模型能较好地反映3岁儿童C4-C5颈椎段在准静态、动态拉伸以及准静态弯曲-伸展、侧向弯曲和轴向旋转载荷下的生物力学特性,具有较高的生物逼真度.

英文摘要：

Based on CT scans, the C4 - C5 cervical segment finite element model for 3-year old child was developed with accurate skeletal geometries and detailed anatomical structures of intervertebral disc. Grounded on biomecbanical experiments published of adult cervical spine and the comparison of the data between adult and child, scaling methods were used to calculate the material parameters for 3-year old pediatric cervical spine. The model was validated under quasi-static and dynamic tensile, quasi-static flexion-extension, and lateral-bending as well as axial-rotation loadings. It is indicated that responses for the tensile simulations are consistent with those of the experiments, with the quasi-static tensile stiffness of 211.8 N/ram, dynamic tensile ultimate failure force of 759.9 N and ultimate failure displacement of 5.08 mm in simulations. Responses for quasi-static bending simulations were within the standard deviation or corridor of the experiments, with the range of motion for extension 9.75°, flexion 9.29°, lateral-bending 3.79° and axial-rotation 7.04°. It is indicated that this model is biofidelic enough to reflect the biomechanical properties of 3-year old pediatric C4 - C5 cervical spine under quasi-static and dynamic tensile, as well as quasi-static flexion-extension, lateral bending and axial rotation loadings.