中文摘要：

根据绵羊骨形态发生蛋白15（bone morphogenetic protein 15,BMP15）基因序列设计2对引物（P1和P2）,分别扩增随机选取的安哥拉山羊和济宁青山羊各5个个体的BMP15基因外显子1、2并克隆测序。测序结果与绵羊BMP15基因外显子1（AF236078）相比,山羊BMP15基因外显子1在第268-270位插入3个核苷酸CTT（268insCTT）,导致编码的氨基酸第12位插入亮氨酸（12insL）;山羊BMP15基因外显子2序列长度与绵羊（AF236079）一致,但存在7处核苷酸不同,引起4个氨基酸变化,济宁青山羊与安哥拉山羊相比在963位存在核苷酸变化（A963G）。依据A963G变异设计引物P3,利用PCR-SSCP方法检测BMP15基因外显子2在高繁殖力品种（济宁青山羊）、中等繁殖力品种（波尔山羊）和低繁殖力品种（安哥拉山羊和内蒙古绒山羊）中的单核苷酸多态性,分析该基因对济宁青山羊多羔性的影响。结果在济宁青山羊中检测到AA、AG和GG基因型,在波尔山羊中检测到AG和GG基因型,在安哥拉山羊和内蒙古绒山羊中仅检测到AA基因型;测序分析发现GG与AA基因型相比存在1个突变（A963G）,导致第300位的丝氨酸变为甘氨酸（S300G）;济宁青山羊AA、AG和GG基因型频率分别为0.008、0.059和0.933;高繁殖力山羊品种与中、低繁殖力山羊品种之间BMP15基因型分布存在显著（P〈0.05）和极显著（P〈0.001）差异;GG基因型济宁青山羊产羔数最小二乘均值比AG和AA基因型的分别多0.71只（P〈0.05）和1.57只（P〈0.05）,AG基因型比AA基因型的多0.86只（P〈0.05）。本研究结果初步显示BMP15基因可能是影响济宁青山羊多羔性的一个主效基因或是与之紧密连锁的一个标记。

英文摘要：

According to the sequence of sheep bone morphogenetic protein 15（BMP15） gene,two pairs of primers（P1 and P2） were designed to amplify the exons 1 and 2 of BMP15 gene in five randomly selected individuals from Angora and Jining Grey goats,respectively.Sequencing showed that sequences of BMP15 exon 1（P1 amplification） of Angora and Jining Grey goats were identical.There were three nucleotides（CTT） insertion from 268 to 270 positions in goat BMP15 exon 1 compared with that of sheep（AF236078）,which caused a leucine insertion at the 12th position in amino acid sequence.Sequence length of goat BMP15 exon 2（P2 amplification） was identical with that of sheep（AF236079）,but there were seven nucleotide and four amino acid changes between goat and sheep.The nucleotide at the 963rd position in BMP15 exon 2 was A for Angora goat and sheep,and G for Jining Grey goat.Based on A963G mutation,primer P3 was designed to detect SNP of BMP15 exon 2 in high prolificacy breed（Jining Grey goat）,moderate prolificacy breed（Boer goat） and low prolificacy breeds（Angora and Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats） by PCR-SSCP.Three genotypes（AA,AG and GG） were detected in Jining Grey goats,two genotypes（AG and GG） in Boer goats,only AA genotype in Angora and Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats.Sequence analysis revealed one mutation（A963G） in genotype GG compared with genotype AA,and this mutation resulted in an amino acid change of serine→glycine（S300G）.In Jining Grey goats,frequencies of AA,AG and GG genotypes were 0.008,0.059 and 0.933,respectively.Genotype distributions of BMP15 gene were significantly different（P〈0.05 or P〈0.001） among Jining Grey goats and Boer,Angora,Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats.In Jining Grey goats,the individuals with genotype GG had 0.71（P〈0.05） or 1.57（P〈0.05） kids more than those with genotypes AG or AA,the individuals with genotype AG had 0.86（P〈0.05） kids more than those with genotype AA.These results preliminarily indicated that the BMP15 gene