中文摘要：

负相容效应是指，在掩蔽启动范式中，当启动项和目标项的反应倾向相同，较启动项和目标项反应倾向不同时，个体的反应时更长。实验通过操纵掩蔽启动范式中启动项前注视点的呈现与否以及注视点呈现的时间长短，考察启动项前的注意准备状态是否会通过影响对阈下刺激的加工来影响负相容效应的大小。研究表明：当启动项以阈下方式呈现时产生了负相容效应，表明个体可以对阈下刺激进行加工；无注视点条件相比有注视点条件产生的负相容效应更强，且在有注视点条件下，注视点呈现时间越长，产生的负相容效应越强。表明注意准备对负相容效应的大小具有调节作用。

英文摘要：

Negative compatibility effect, with performance benefits on incompatible trails and costs on compatible trails, occurs when prime - target SOA is long. The experiment is designed to explore the effect of attentional prep- aration to NCE through influencing the processing of subliminal stimulus. The result shows that the subliminal stim- ulus can be processed as it comes out with negative effect when presenting the prime subliminally. And attention preparation can modulate NCE.