中文摘要：

通过总结轴位移故障的特征，分析研究可倾瓦推力轴承的力学性能，提出一种在线预测和诊断轴位移故障的方法，通过试验实现轴位移故障自愈。离心压缩机的轴位移故障大多带有突发的特点，这种突发是由于推力盘和轴瓦之间的油膜破裂导致的。这种破裂可能是润滑油油质变差或者油压降低导致油膜承压能力严重降低，达到一定门槛值后，油膜破裂；也可能是离心压缩机在工艺工况波动时，转子轴向力增大超过了油膜的承载能力，从而导致油膜破裂。不管哪种故障都会导致轴瓦的严重磨损，压缩机紧急停车。通过在线的检测推力轴承的油膜刚度，区分导致轴位移增加是否由轴向力引起，并且引入轴位移故障自愈调控机制，以轴位移为控制参量，实时调控转子的残余轴向力，保证推力轴承的最小油膜厚度。试验研究表明，该机制能够有效的实现离心压缩机轴位移故障的自愈。

英文摘要：

Through summarizing the characteristic of axial displacement fault about centrifugal compressor and analyzing the mechanical performance of tilting-pad thrust bearing, a method of on-line axial displacement fault prognosis and diagnosis is presented, and axial fault displacement self-recovering is realized by experimental study. This type of fault has little indication before coming and the fracture of oil film between thrust disk and tilting pad mainly contributes to this breakdown. Usually the fracture is caused by the contamination of oil or decrease of oil supply pressure which result in losing of load bearing capacity of oil film. Also the increase of axial force caused by fluctuation of operation condition can result in the oil film fracture. Either of the causes can lead to tilting pad abrasion and emergency shutdown of machine. The method monitors the stiffness of oil film and identifies the cause of axial displacement increasing. By introducing the mechanism of axial displacement fault self-recovering and taking the axial displacement as the control parameter, the axial forces on rotor is controlled on-line and the minimum oil film thickness is ensured in real time. Experimental study indicates that the mechanism can realize axial fault self-recovering effectively.