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中文摘要：
对铁路钢轨钢材标准三点弯曲试样的弹塑性断裂性能进行了系统研究与分析。通过有限元计算结果与试验结果进行对比，验证了钢轨钢材的脆性破坏特征。采用普通单元和奇异单元的网格计算应力和位移进行了分析。并对裂纹尖端CIOD值进行了计算分析，CTOD值沿试样厚度方向的变化很小，裂纹尖端始终处于三向拉伸应力状态。而三向拉应力状态将使裂纹尖端处的塑性变形受到很大限制，破坏时的塑性变形很小，更容易发生脆性破坏。
英文摘要：
It＇ s significant to study the elasto - plastic fracture performance of the standard three point bend specimens of mils steel. By FEM and the results of experiments, the brittle fracture character of mils steel is proved. The analysis were made on stresses and displacements by standard elements and singularity el- ements. The analysis was also made to calculate CTOD. The CTOD values change slightly along the thickness of specimens. Crack tip is always in the three - direction tension stress condition, so the plastic deformation of crack tip is limited. And the brittle fracture is easier to occur.
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